SMITHSONIAN MAGAZINE (December 30, 2024): The latest issue features ‘In Search of the World’s Smallest Monkey’ – A journey into Ecuador’s remote forests to spy on adorable, and suprisingly chatty, pygmy marmosets.
Donald Trump’s election as President of the United States anoints him as “Disruptor in Chief”, a vital role with world-historical significance. Trump’s ascension to this position was presaged in Ayn Rand’s stupendous novel Atlas Shrugged (1957), whose central character, John Galt, confronts a similarly sclerotic America, which he sets out systematically to disrupt in a radical, transformative manner. This highly controversial novel is important in illuminating what is at stake at the cultural level in the struggle to come, and in emphasising the scale and direction of the challenges facing Trump, his administration and his supporters. Atlas Shrugged is also valuable because, together with Rand’s earlier novel The Fountainhead (1943), it offers in compelling fictional form a powerful, necessarily hyperbolic, statement of the philosophical values that must be reasserted to make America great again.
If Hillbilly Elegy was compulsory reading for observers of American politics wanting to understand Trump’s first presidency, Walter Isaacson’s biographical portrait of Elon Musk is mandatory holiday reading for those wanting to understand how Donald J. Trump turned so many critics into passionate supporters and won a resounding presidential vote in 2024, and to gauge how his nation-reshaping policies might play out over the next four years.
The New York Times Magazine – The 12.29.24 Issue features The Lives They Lived: remembering some of the artists, innovators and thinkers we lost in the past year.
COUNTRY LIFE MAGAZINE (December 24, 2024): The latest issue features Britain’s history in 50 monuments; Queen Mary – Not so contrary after all; Why you should give your dog a bone; A hill farmer’s diary and the first bubble hats…
Charles Taylor’s revelatory Cosmic Connections: Poetry in the Age of Disenchantment (Harvard University Press, 2024) draws together different strands from Taylor’s storied philosophical career to present a new account of Romantic poetry. “Philosophy moves us because it convinces us; poetry convinces us because it moves us.” Taylor asks what it would mean to take seriously poetry’s ambition to reveal new dimensions of the world through the resources of image and symbol. Readers of Friedrich Hölderlin or William Wordsworth are familiar with the feeling that a poem is true or right in some deep sense, without being able to defend or even describe that rightness in philosophical terms. Consider the climax of Wordsworth’s “Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey,” which serves as Taylor’s central example. The poet discerns
A motion and a spirit, that impels All thinking things, all objects of thought, And rolls through all things.
A New Theory of Evolution
By Jessica Riskin
Evolution Evolving: The Developmental Origins of Adaptation and Biodiversity (Princeton University Press, 2024) makes for an exhilarating reading. It is not just a book but an intellectual revolution. The authors show that the experiences and behaviors of living beings shape the course of evolution. You might find it strange that this would be a revolutionary idea. You might wonder how it could possibly be otherwise: How could the experiences and behaviors of living beings have no bearing whatsoever on the course of evolution?
Adventures With Books
By Priya Satia
Debate about the role of Western education in Britain’s colonies and former colonies (including the United States) is as old as the British empire itself. Those ever-evolving debates have, in turn, been studied for decades by historians, literary scholars, sociologists, and other scholars trained in the Western system that has become a global inheritance. Saikat Majumdar’s The Amateur: Self-Making and the Humanities in the Postcolony (Bloomsbury Academic, 2024) opens up a startlingly fresh perspective on these debates, attending to the unexpected and agonistic ways in which this education system shaped particular individuals whose work has had profound impact around the world.
Psychedelic Rabbit Holes
By Susan Stryker
I came for the acid, and stayed for the deep roots of gender theory that I found in Benjamin Breen’s Tripping on Utopia: Margaret Mead, the Cold War, and the Troubled Birth of Psychedelic Science (Grand Central Publishing, 2024). Admittedly, gender is not the main focus of Breen’s book. But in using the personal, professional, and intellectual partnership of Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson to structure the narrative of this work of breathtaking originality, Breen reveals the kernel of a far-flung constellation of ideas and contexts that has rewired my brain’s understanding of the gender concept’s origins.
What does political revolution require of writers, artists, photographers, and filmmakers? How do they transform their ways of making in order to keep pace with such upheaval? In Soviet Factography: Reality Without Realism (University of Chicago Press, 2024), Devin Fore uncovers an entire archive of radical responses to these questions in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917, revealing a fascinating array of original strategies to record a world turned upside down. We follow all manner of “factographic” authors and artists (writer Sergei Tret’iakov and filmmaker Dziga Vertov are only the best known) as they scramble to register the revolution as immediately as possible. Their aim is not to arrest this transformation but, on the contrary, to dynamize it anew, to carry it forward into all areas of life, private and public, subjective and social. This riveting study of “reality in revolution” pressures our understanding of both terms; it also shows us how a reordering of any society involves a refashioning of its individuals.
Corinne Fowler’s enjoyable and thought-provoking The Countryside: Ten Rural Walks Through Britain and Its Hidden History of Empire (Scribner, 2024) achieves many things with an admirably light touch. Combining her lifelong passion for walking with her pathbreaking work linking England’s buildings and landscapes to the nation’s imperial past, she explores the many ways in which rural Britain was indelibly shaped by its overseas endeavors. She highlights how money, people, and rural industries closely connected the Cotswolds to Calcutta, the Scottish Highlands to Jamaica, Cornwall to West Africa and the Americas, and so on.
Ego, Redux
By Jonathan Lear
It surprised me to discover that The Revised Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Rowman & Littlefield, 2024) is distinguished by its fidelity to two authors, not just one. Over 30 years in the making — though time was wasted with in-fighting among psychoanalysts — The Revised Standard Edition (RSE) aims to reanimate the distinctive translation into English of James Strachey. This is striking because so many of Strachey’s choices — for example, translating Ich as “Ego,” or Besetzung as “cathexis” — have been the subject of intense criticism. Why, the criticism goes, translate the wonderfully colloquial German that Freud used into a Latinized, “scientific” English? And why not use the occasion of a revised edition to make corrections?
Neil Gong’s Sons, Daughters, and Sidewalk Psychotics: Mental Illness and Homelessness in Los Angeles (University of Chicago Press, 2024) does what the best ethnographies do: provide the reader with an empathetic understanding of its subject. Gong’s comparative work provides a portrait of “sidewalk psychotics” in Los Angeles and compares their experiences to the children of elite families who have similar mental-health struggles.
For those on the street, the aim of most social programs begins with getting them housed. Gong follows people from homelessness into apartments and finds that our social programs of “tolerant containment” do little to tackle mental-health challenges. Policies and programs that focus on housing first are meant to provide a wider range of services, and through detailed observations Gong shows that this rarely happens. The mantra seems to be: get housed, and hopefully the rest will take care of itself. Once housed, people are quite free from intervention or monitoring, including free from programs that might help them address their mental health.
In 1660, the first national post was established in England. By the Victorian age, there were 12 mail deliveries a day in London; friends could dash off a letter in the morning and expect to continue an exchange until late at night. Today, the personal letter in its physical form is largely extinct. But in the era of WhatsApp chats and exchanges on X, its legacy has never been more obvious. Far more than the novel, confession, or diary, the letter is the literary genre at the origins of the modern self: social rather than solitary, reactive rather than reflective, on the cusp of public and private life.
Wolfgang Streeck’s Taking Back Control?: States and State Systems After Globalism (Verso, 2024) may not make for particularly cheerful reading for the holidays. But it is essential for any scholar seeking to make sense of a range of current trends: the ongoing retreat from 1990s-style globalization, the crisis of liberal democracy, and the rapid return of hot wars, cold wars, and trade wars to a world that just yesterday claimed to have overcome them all. It was written before Donald Trump was re-elected as president of the United States, but it helps make sense not only of the recent U.S. election but the broad trend of elections over the last decade and a half, from roughly the start of the financial crisis of 2007-8 down to the present, and not only in the United States but around the world.
It is a bold move to write a biography in 2024 of an artist like Josiah Wedgwood, a British man of the 18th century. Iris Moon knows as much. She describes her book Melancholy Wedgwood (The MIT Press, 2024) as an “experimental biography,” by which she implies something more than defiance of the genre’s conventions. Wedgwood is most familiar today as the name attached to your grandmother’s prized vase. To a narrower audience, he is known as the ceramics entrepreneur whose successful factory embodies the emergence of modern capitalism in England. Neither of those stories is at the heart of Melancholy Wedgwood.
The circumstances that you bring to read — that bring you to read — shape how you receive a text. It just so happens that I was reviewing a stack of grant applications and planning an ethnographic writing course for next term when I stumbled upon The Ethnographer’s Way: A Handbook for Multidimensional Research Design (Duke University Press, 2024), by the anthropologists Kristin Peterson and Valerie Olson. This research-design manual, whose title is a play on Julia Cameron’s The Artist’s Way, is unconventional in many ways: It eschews a linear, hierarchically constructed style of formulating “scientific” research proposals and encourages a collective, creative, and conceptual approach to research design that pushes back against the demands of the neoliberal university and the idea of the “lone, isolated anthropologist.” It’s even a little woo-woo. (The authors admit as much). Peterson and Olson’s model for building and working in community from the inception of a research project aims to “mitigate disheartening experiences of disconnection that occur throughout institutionalized landscapes, such as those between professors and students, people working inside and outside of bounded organizations, and those with expertise versus those with experience.”
This was a year in which billions of people living in more than 80 countries had the right to cast their democratic votes in elections. But with democracy around the world under ever-greater threats – from attacks on freedom of speech, equality of participation and plurality of media to name a few – how did the election process bear up? Jonathan Yerushalmy and Oliver Holmes find reasons for hope amid the pressure.
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The big story | France and the shadow of the Pelicot trial The mass rape case, in which verdicts and sentencing are expected this week, has horrified the world. But this is not French society’s first attempt to confront a sexually abusive culture, writes Kim Willsher, who has witnessed the harrowing proceedings in Avignon
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Spotlight | How Ukrainian power plant workers keep the country running As winter closes in, Shaun Walker visits a Soviet-era coal-fired thermal installation to explore how it has held up to Russian attacks
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Opinion | After the fall of Assad, the least Syrians deserve is our optimism With the tyrannical dynasty gone, it’s important not to impose a negative script on what comes next. Syrians deserve support and hope, argues Nesrine Malik
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The shamelessness of Fifa’s process in awarding the 2034 tournament to Riyadh was a display of contempt for governance, democracy and good sense, writes Barney Ronay
What else we’ve been reading
With France on its fourth prime minister in a year and Germany facing a snap election in February, Paris and Berlin correspondents Jon Henley and Deborah Cole explain why the driving forces of the European Union are in the doldrums. An excellent primer to understand what will be a shaky start to next year for European politics. Isobel Montgomery, deputy editor
“You and [Franklin] Roosevelt begin from two different starting points. But is there not a relation in ideas, a kinship of ideas, be-tween Moscow and Washington? In Washington I was struck by the same thing I see going on here; they are building offices, they are creating a number of state regula-tion bodies, they are organising a long-needed Civil Service.
Neoliberalism often presents itself as a victory for individual autonomy. In an interview, Grace Blakeley explains the hollowness of this claim — and why the Left needs to offer its own, better vision of human freedom.
Despite antitrust regulators’ efforts to rein it in, UnitedHealth Group has been growing to control ever more of the health care sector. The corporation’s expanding power has meant worse care, higher prices, and a mounting human toll.
News, Views and Reviews For The Intellectually Curious
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