Tag Archives: Science

Research Preview: Nature Magazine – August 31, 2023

Volume 620 Issue 7976

nature Magazine – August 31, 2023 issue: In this week’s issue, AI pilot beats human champions in aerial contest – Artificial intelligence has taken on and beaten human competitors in many games, including chess, StarCraft and Gran Turismo. 

India’s Moon landing is a stellar achievement — and a win for science

A mother along with her daughter arrives to watch landing of Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander on Moon.

When Chandrayaan-3 touched down, India pulled off a huge win for its own space programme and for international efforts to understand the Moon.

It’s hard to land on the Moon and keep your spacecraft intact. Just days ago, Russia’s Luna-25 mission crashed, dashing hopes for the country’s first trip to the Moon since 1976, when it was part of the Soviet Union. In April, a private Japanese effort also crash-landed on the lunar surface. That is one of the reasons the successful landing of the Chandrayaan-3 mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is so special.

The causes of wildfires are clear. How they burn through communities is not

Events in Hawaii show how much we have to learn about wildfire spread — but simple research steps can help to build resilience.

An aerial photo from August 10 shows destroyed buildings burned to the ground due to wildfires in western Maui, Hawaii.

Driven by drought, high winds and extreme heat, fires in recent years have caused destruction and losses on a scale bigger than anyone is used to. The average annual global cost of wildfires is around US$50 billion, the World Economic Forum said in January. And by the end of the century, climate change might make catastrophic conflagrations 50% more common, according to the United Nations Environment Programme. Given the surge in urban development in and near forested areas, something has to be done to protect communities. As Maui’s experience shows, little is in place.

Research Preview: Science Magazine – August 25, 2023

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Science Magazine – August 25, 2023: This image depicts whole chromosomes, some with structural abnormalities that might be found in cancer. The idea that cancer cells have aneuploidy—abnormal numbers of chromosomes and chromosome portions—has been known for decades. 

If AI becomes conscious, how will we know?

Scientists and philosophers are proposing a checklist based on theories of human consciousness

0s and 1s making up the outline of a head

In 2021, Google engineer Blake Lemoine made headlines—and got himself fired—when he claimed that LaMDA, the chatbot he’d been testing, was sentient. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, especially so-called large language models such as LaMDA and ChatGPT, can certainly seem conscious. But they’re trained on vast amounts of text to imitate human responses. So how can we really know?

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Research Preview: Nature Magazine – August 24, 2023

Volume 620 Issue 7975

nature Magazine – August 24, 2023 issue: In this week’s issue, Jedediah Brodie and his colleagues examine protected areas in mega-diverse southeast Asia to assess their effects on tropical biodiversity. 

Want a sustainable future? Then look to the world’s cities

In a rapidly urbanizing world, what happens in cities matters — and sustainability success stories show what can be achieved when researchers and policymakers work together.

A person rides a bicycle as heat waves shimmer, causing visual distortion, as people walk in the 'The Zone', Phoenix'.

More than half of the world’s population lives in cities, and that proportion is set to grow. By 2050, another two billion people will be urban dwellers, the United Nations estimates. Cities lie at the nexus of all aspects of human development, from building thriving economies to coping with climate change.

Earth’s hottest month: these charts show what happened in July and what comes next

A damaged saguaro cactus stands with a recently fallen arm resting on the sidewalk in Mesa, Arizona.

The planet has warmed 1.2 ºC on average, but that’s enough to produce big extremes.

From wilting saguaros in Arizona and hot-tub-like temperatures off the coast of Florida to increased heat-related hospitalizations in Europe and agricultural losses in China, last month felt unusually hot. It was: several teams have now confirmed that July 2023 was the hottest month in recorded history. And there’s more to come.

July is typically the hottest month of the year, and this July shattered records going back as far as 1850 by around 0.25 °C. Overall, the average global temperature was 1.54 °C above the preindustrial average for July, according to Berkeley Earth, a non-profit group in California that is one of several organizations tracking global warming. It’s a seemingly small increase, but what many people across the world actually experienced was a bout of long and often brutal heat waves.

Research: New Scientist Magazine – August 26, 2023

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New Scientist Magazine (August 26, 2023): This issue features ‘Reclaim your Privacy’ – The alarming new ways you’re being tracked online and more…

EnvironmentHow we broke the water cycle and can no longer rely on rain to fall

HealthUnravelling the secrets of the vagus nerve will revolutionize medicine

TechnologyNowhere to hide: Data harvesters came for your privacy – and found it

SpaceAliens on low-oxygen worlds may never discover fireRead the latest issue

Culture: The American Scholar – Autumn 2023

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THE AMERICAN SCHOLAR AUTUMN 2023:

Will the Real Vergil Please Stand Up?

Will the Real Vergil Please Stand Up?

Making sense of the life of a poet about whom we know so little

by Sarah Ruden

Great works of literature are sly and powerful beasts that pounce on their readers, grabbing them by the neck and shaking them back and forth. The young Augustine looks like a typical victim of Vergil’s Aeneid. The schoolboy being brought up as a Christian in fourth-century CE North Africa found the first-century BCE epic poem of pagan Rome the most impressive thing in his cultural life to date. Tellingly, his reaction shows no interest in the poem’s theme of individual sacrifice in the name of imperial destiny; rather, into middle age, the great theologian and founder of institutional Catholic monasticism remembered weeping for Dido, who commits suicide after her lover, Aeneas, abandons her at the end of Book IV.

A Room for the Ages

A Room for the Ages

Oglethorpe University’s time capsule was meant to last thousands of years, but will it?

by Colin Dickey

Preview: MIT Technology Review – September 2023

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MIT Technology Review – September/October 2023: ‘The Ethics issue’ features Experimental Drugs – Who should get them?; Eric Schmidt on transforming science; When AI goes to war, and more…

Who gets to decide who receives experimental medical treatments?

a bottle of pills with a "fast forward" icon on the label

For many patients, pushing for access to unproven treatments is their best chance of survival. And that’s worth the risk.

Research Preview: Science Magazine – August 18, 2023

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Science Magazine – August 18, 2023: This issue features California tar pits that recorded how fire drove Pleistocene megafauna decline; Maui’s deadly blazes reveal a fire-prone Hawaii; Solar energy projects put food security at risk, and more…

‘Still in shock.’ Amid wildfire tragedy, Maui scientists assess their research losses

Blazes and high winds blew projects apart and left a tight-knit research community shaken. What will it take to prevent future island fires?

The hall of historic Waiola Church in Lahaina and nearby Lahaina Hongwanji Mission engulfed in flames in Lahaina, Hawaii.

In the wake of a series of powerful wildfires that ripped through Maui’s dry forests and the historic city of Lahaina this week killing more than 50 people, researchers on the island remain concerned about the personal fallout for fellow scientists and their families. Some are reeling from disruption to their projects: Studies of whales may be disrupted, for example, and a rare plant facility sustained damage. “We’re still wrapping our heads around what this really means, because right now, most of us are still in shock,” says marine mammal ecologist Marc Lammers. “And, of course, we’re thinking about our colleagues.”

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Research Preview: Nature Magazine – August 17, 2023

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nature Magazine – August 17, 2023 issue: The cover shows an artist’s impression of Venetoraptor gassenae, a species of ancient reptile that lived some 230 million years ago. Dinosaurs and pterosaurs dominated land and air, respectively, around 70 million to 200 million years ago, but their evolutionary precursors are not that well known. 

Anti-obesity drug also protects against heart disease — what happens next?

Clinical-trial data suggest that semaglutide, sold under the name Wegovy, slashes risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular incidents.

Can oyster farming help save the planet?

Ecologist Elena Tamburini hopes to show that shellfish farming efficiently absorbs carbon.

Research Preview: Science Magazine – August 11, 2023

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Science Magazine – August 11, 2023 issue: Environmental challenges in Australia; Do cancers really have identifiable microbiomes; Conductive bioadhesives for wet tissues; African hydropower is getting less competitive, and more…

First up on this week’s podcast, we hear about the skewed perception of our own hands, extremely weird giant viruses, champion regenerating flatworms, and more from Newsletter Editor Christie Wilcox

Research: New Scientist Magazine – August 12, 2023

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New Scientist Magazine August 12, 2023 issue: The Four Ways to Age; Can Quantum Simulations ever be real?; Heaviest animal ever; Spotting Saturn’s Rings; Concrete batteries; Finding Homo Naledi and more…

How working out your ageotype could help you live healthier for longer

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Your body is ageing down one of four – or more – possible pathways. Figuring out your “ageotype” could help you zero in on the things you can do to stay healthier for longer

By Graham Lawton

THERE is a (probably apocryphal) story about Henry Ford sending agents out to junkyards across the US in search of scrapped Model Ts. The famous industrialist wanted to know which of the car’s vital components failed first, so he could do something about it. The agents reported back that every bit of the car was susceptible to failure, but some were more susceptible than others, except for one – a component of the steering system called the kingpin, which almost never failed. They expected Ford to announce plans to extend the working lives of the weaker components. Instead, he ordered his engineers to make less resilient kingpins. No point wasting good money on a component that always outlived the others.

Cave of Bones review: Lee Berger on the discovery of Homo naledi

Sewage crisis: The truth about British rivers and how to clean them up

From time crystals to wormholes: When is a quantum simulation real?

Energy-storing concrete could form foundations for solar-powered homes

Scientists race to test claimed room-temperature superconductor