Tag Archives: Research Previews

Research Preview: Science Magazine – April 14, 2023

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Science Magazine – April 7, 2023 issue: Anchoring radiocarbon dates to cosmic events, why hibernating bears don’t get blood clots, and kicking off a book series on sex, gender, and science.

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Reproductive medicine

Since ancient times, humans have been trying to exercise control over their reproductive decisions, whether to avoid undesired pregnancy or to improve their chances of conceiving. In addition, the risks of pregnancy and childbirth have always been a major challenge.

Droughts are coming on faster

Higher global temperatures are increasing the frequency of flash droughts

Research Preview: Science Magazine – April 7, 2023

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Science Magazine – April 7, 2023 issue:

Transforming the understanding of brain immunity

Our understanding of how the brain and immune system interact has changed substantially over the past years and decades. Initially, the brain was thought to be immune privileged and isolated from the rest of the body.

Magnets wipe memories from meteorites

Researchers sound alarm over damage caused by popular meteorite-hunting technique

The unusual genetics of invasive ants

The males of an invasive ant species are chimeras of two distinct genetic lineages

Research Preview: Science Magazine – March 31, 2023

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Science Magazine – March 31, 2023 issue: A new analysis shows that Great Plains tribes acquired horses much earlier than some historians had thought, consistent with Indigenous descriptions of a long and enduring partnership with the horse. This petroglyph, from the Tolar site in southern Wyoming, probably dates from soon after the modern horse became widespread in North America in the early 17th century. 

Horse nations: Animal began transforming Native American life startlingly early

Yvette Running Horse Collin with horse

Sweeping new study based on archaeological evidence, chemical isotope analysis, and ancient DNA “totally changes the game”

Straight from the heart: Mysterious lipids may predict cardiac problems better than cholesterol

Conceptual illustration: a giant heart opens up on a hinge to reveal several gauges. Three of them, labeled HDL, LDL, and ApoB, display low levels. One, labeled Ceramides, displays high levels and is vibrating and letting off steam. Three tiny scientists stand at the foot of the heart, and one shines a flashlight on the Ceramides gauge.

Drug developers are now trying to target ceramides, which appear to contribute to a range of metabolic disorders

Research Preview: Science Magazine – March 24, 2023

Science Magazine – March 24, 2023 issue: This color-enhanced scanning electron microscopy image shows Ti2CCl2 MXenes grown by chemical vapor deposition. The two-dimensional layers of this material grew perpendicular to the substrate and then folded into microspherical structures. Ion intercalation between two-dimensional MXene sheets has potential for energy storage and other applications.

A new pandemic origin report is stirring controversy. Here are key takeaways

Workers in hazmat suits carry rubbish bins at the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market
Workers disinfected Wuhan’s Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in March 2020, but not before a Chinese research team collected samples there that would reveal the presence of SARS-CoV-2–susceptible mammals.

Virology database cuts off—and then reinstates—scientists who found and analyzed data collected 3 years ago by team in China

Earth at higher risk of big asteroid strike, satellite data suggest

Image with rings showing crater width on map of Kazakhstan
If Zhamanshin crater in Kazakhstan is 30 kilometers wide (red ring) instead of 13 kilometers (black ring), as a new study suggests, the impact that made it would have been far more fierce.

“It would be in the range of serious crap happening.

At a basic level, humanity’s survival odds come down to one thing: the chances of a giant space rock slamming into the planet and sending us the way of the dinosaurs. One way to calibrate that hazard is to look at the size of Earth’s recent large impact craters. 

Research Preview: Science Magazine – March 17, 2023

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Science Magazine – March 17, 2023 issue: An alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris) walks to a breeding pond in the Alps, France. Many amphibians have a cryptic upper side but a normally concealed, conspicuous underside. These hidden signals have evolved for several reasons, including as a warning display to would-be predators.

STRAIGHT FROM THE HEART

Conceptual illustration: a giant heart opens up on a hinge to reveal several gauges. Three of them, labeled HDL, LDL, and ApoB, display low levels. One, labeled Ceramides, displays high levels and is vibrating and letting off steam. Three tiny scientists stand at the foot of the heart, and one shines a flashlight on the Ceramides gauge.

Lipids called ceramides may be better predictors of cardiovascular problems than cholesterol. Doctors and pharma are waking up to their potential

Bacteria require phase separation for fitness in the mammalian gut

The gut microbiota is critical for human health. Understanding how beneficial bacteria colonize the gut enables medical interventions that promote gut health. Krypotou et al. discovered a mechanism that enhances the fitness of a commensal bacterium in the gut. 

Science Review: Scientific American – April 2023 Issue

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Scientific American – April 2023 Issue:

Quantum Physics Falls Apart without Imaginary Numbers

Imaginary numbers—the square roots of negative numbers—are an inescapable part of quantum theory, a study shows

Fixing the Hated Open-Design Office

Fixing the Hated Open-Design Office
An early open-plan office, designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright for the S. C. Johnson company in the 1930s, was intended to boost productivity.

Open-office designs create productivity and health problems. New insights from Deaf and autistic communities could fix them

No One Knows How the Biggest Animals on Earth—Baleen Whales—Find Their Food

How do giant filter-feeding whales find their tiny prey? The answer could be key to saving endangered species

Research Preview: Science Magazine – March 10, 2023

Current Issue Cover

Science Magazine – March 10, 2023 issue: A honey bee (Apis mellifera) performs a complex dance to communicate resource location and value. Research now shows that novice bees dance better and communicate location more accurately if they were previously able to follow and socially learn from more experienced dancers. 

MRI for all: Cheap portable scanners aim to revolutionize medical imaging

A technician pushes a portable MRI scanner through a hospital hallway.

But will doctors embrace the grainier, lower-resolution images of the body’s insides?

Hidden hydrogen: Earth may hold vast stores of a renewable, carbon-free fuel

Overlooked by the oil industry, natural hydrogen could power society for thousands of years

Oceans away: Is raising salmon on land the next big thing in farming fish?

Giant tanks full of Atlantic salmon could help meet rising demand while lowering environmental impact

Research Preview: Science Magazine – March 3, 2023

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Science Magazine – March 3, 2023 issue: The substantial grapevine diversity in the world, showcased here by the vigorous ‘Saperavi’ variety in the Kakheti region of Georgia, reveals secrets about human agricultural history. A genomic survey uncovers two concurrent domestication origins of this essential vine. It also shows how Western Asian table grapes diversified along human migration trails into muscat and unique western wine grapes. 

Ancient DNA upends European prehistory

Genes reveal striking diversity within similar ice age cultures

Hundred million years of landscape dynamics from catchment to global scale

Our capability to reconstruct past landscapes and the processes that shape them underpins our understanding of paleo-Earth. We take advantage of a global-scale landscape evolution model assimilating paleoelevation and paleoclimate reconstructions over the past 100 million years.

Research Preview: Science Magazine – Feb 24, 2023

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Science Magazine – February 24, 2023 issue:

Samples returned from the asteroid Ryugu are similar to Ivuna-type carbonaceous meteorites

The Hayabusa2 spacecraft made two landings on the asteroid (162173) Ryugu in 2019, during which it collected samples of the surface material. Those samples were delivered to Earth in December 2020. The colors, shapes, and morphologies of the returned samples are consistent with those observed on Ryugu by Hayabusa2, indicating that they are representative of the asteroid.

Journals take up arms against AI-written text

Many ask authors to disclose use of ChatGPT and other generative artificial intelligence

Iron stress threatens Southern Ocean phytoplankton

Lack of the nutrient limits the plants’ productivity, key to climate and ecosystems

Science Review: Scientific American – March 2023

March 2023

Scientific American – March 2023 Issue:

Long COVID Now Looks like a Neurological Disease, Helping Doctors to Focus Treatments

The causes of long COVID, which disables millions, may come together in the brain and nervous system

Tiny Bubbles of Quark-Gluon Plasma Re-create the Early Universe

New experiments can re-create the young cosmos, when it was a mash of fundamental particles, more precisely than ever before

Babies Are Born with an Innate Number Sense

Plato was right: newborns do math